Orthognathic Jaw Surgery

Orthognathic jaw surgery, also known as corrective jaw surgery or orthognathic surgery, is a type of surgical procedure performed to correct various jaw-related issues that affect the bite, facial aesthetics, and overall oral health. This surgery is usually recommended when orthodontic treatment alone cannot effectively address the underlying problems. Orthognathic surgery is typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in collaboration with orthodontists.

Some common reasons for undergoing orthognathic jaw surgery include:

1. Malocclusion (Misaligned Bite): When the upper and lower jaws do not align properly, it can lead to functional and aesthetic issues. Orthognathic surgery can correct overbites, underbites, open bites, and crossbites.
2. Facial Asymmetry: Significant facial imbalances due to jaw discrepancies can be corrected through surgery to improve facial symmetry and overall appearance.
3. Difficulty Chewing and Speaking: Misaligned jaws can lead to difficulties in chewing and speaking, affecting a person’s quality of life.
4. Breathing Problems: Severe jaw misalignments can contribute to obstructive sleep apnea or other breathing difficulties. Orthognathic surgery can help open up the airway and alleviate these issues.
5. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders: TMJ disorders often result from jaw misalignments. Orthognathic surgery can sometimes help alleviate TMJ-related pain and dysfunction.

The orthognathic surgery process typically involves the following steps:

1. Consultation: The patient meets with an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon who evaluates their condition through physical examination, imaging (such as X-rays, CT scans), and a thorough medical history review.
2. Treatment Plan: The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon develop a comprehensive treatment plan. This plan includes pre-surgical orthodontics to prepare the teeth for surgery.
3. Surgery: During the surgical procedure, the surgeon repositions the upper and/or lower jaw bones to achieve proper alignment. This may involve cutting and reshaping the bones. The surgery is often performed inside the mouth, minimizing visible scars.
4. Recovery: Following surgery, patients usually experience some swelling, mild pain , and slight discomfort. A period of rest and a soft diet are often recommended during the initial recovery phase.
5. Post-Surgery Orthodontics: After sufficient healing, the patient continues with orthodontic treatment to fine-tune the bite and teeth alignment.
6. Follow-Up: Regular follow-up appointments with both the oral surgeon and orthodontist are necessary to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments.

Orthognathic jaw surgery can significantly improve a person’s bite, facial aesthetics, and overall oral health. The decision to undergo orthognathic surgery should be made after thorough consultation and consideration of the potential benefits and risks.